Big Horn County, Montana: USDA programs and conservation funding

364
Farms & Ranches
3.2M
Acres in Agriculture
8,767
Avg Farm Size (acres)
$69.1M
Cattle Sales
Top commodities: Cattle, Grain, Wheat, Barley, Bison
Source: 2022 USDA Census of Agriculture

Big Horn County, Montana has 364 farms working 3,191,315 agricultural acres (average 8,767 acres per farm). Cattle sales total $69.1 million annually. Leading commodities by sales: Cattle, Grain, Wheat. Vegetation typically peaks in Jun, defining the primary growing season.

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Farm Programs & Local Resources

Last Updated: March 2026 | Always verify with your local USDA office. Report an error

About Big Horn County

Big Horn County sits within the Northern Rolling High Plains, Northern Part (MLRA 58A) region. Elevation averages about 3,674 feet.

Temperatures in Big Horn County range from a January mean low of 13°F to a July mean high near 86°F. Annual precipitation averages 15.9 inches. Expect about 214 frost-free days.

Big Horn County ran 364 farms, 3,191,315 acres of farmland, and 80,591 head of cattle in the 2022 Census of Agriculture. Top commodities: cattle, wheat, and barley.


Quick Facts

RegionSouth-Central Montana
Top CommoditiesCattle & calves, Wheat, Barley, Bison, Horses, Goats

Current Conditions

Drought status: Severe Drought (D2).

Source: U.S. Drought Monitor · Updated 2026-04-14

Your Local USDA Offices

Your nearest USDA Service Center houses both NRCS (conservation programs like EQIP and CSP) and FSA (loans, disaster assistance, farm numbers). Here are the offices serving Big Horn County.

NRCS Office (EQIP, CSP, conservation)

8645 S. Weaver Dr. Student Union Bldg, Rm 205, Crow Agency, MT 59022

(406) 638-9102

FSA Office (loans, disaster, farm numbers)

205 13th West Street, Hardin, MT 59034

(406) 665-3442

This county also has 2 additional NRCS offices. View all offices

Office info is from USDA’s published directory. Call ahead to confirm hours before visiting.

What to do when you call: Ask to schedule a meeting with a conservation planner (for EQIP/CSP) or a loan officer (for FSA programs). Mention the type of operation you run and what improvements you're considering.


Programs for Big Horn County Operations

Based on Big Horn County's agricultural profile, these programs are most relevant:

Irrigation efficiency improvements and soil conservation practices are prioritized along the fertile river corridor. Programs emphasize supporting Native American producers and maintaining traditional agricultural practices within the reservation boundaries.

Not sure which programs fit? Run our free eligibility screener. Two minutes, personalized action packet.


Local Conservation Priorities

Each county's NRCS Local Working Group sets the conservation practices that score highest for EQIP funding. Knowing your county's priorities before you apply can significantly improve your ranking.

How to find your county's priorities:

  • Call your local NRCS office and ask: "What practices is the Local Working Group prioritizing this year?"
  • Ask which EQIP ranking pool your operation fits (there may be separate pools for livestock, cropland, forestry, etc.)
  • Check your state NRCS website for published ranking criteria

Bordering Counties

If your operation extends into or you compare conditions against adjacent counties, see Carbon County, Montana, Powder River County, Montana, Rosebud County, Montana, Treasure County, Montana, Yellowstone County, Montana, and Big Horn County, Wyoming. Ranking criteria and cost-share rates can vary county by county even within the same state.

Your Next Steps in Big Horn County

  1. Run the eligibility screener: Free Screener
  2. Find your USDA Service Center: Service Center Locator
  3. Read the Montana guide: Montana Farm Programs Guide

Part of Farmer's Navigator. Built by ranchers. Every guide on this site is free.

Related program guides

EQIP FencingCSPCRP

Vegetation Baseline

0.29
Typical NDVI (Apr)
0.57
Peak season (Jun)
JanJulDec
5-year average NDVI from MODIS MOD13Q1 (2021–2025 avg)

Quick Tools for Big Horn County

Check drought statusCurrent USDM conditions and historical drought data.PRF rainfall analysis78 years of grid-level rainfall data for hay and grazing insurance.Estimate EQIP costsSee what NRCS may cover and your estimated out-of-pocket share.Disaster triageLost livestock or pasture? Find your disaster programs and deadlines.See all deadlinesEvery USDA program deadline in one place.