Gilliam County, Oregon: USDA programs and conservation funding

155
Farms & Ranches
591K
Acres in Agriculture
3,812
Avg Farm Size (acres)
Top commodities: Grain, Wheat
Source: 2022 USDA Census of Agriculture

Gilliam County, Oregon has 155 farms working 590,917 agricultural acres (average 3,812 acres per farm). Leading commodities by sales: Grain, Wheat. Vegetation typically peaks in Apr, defining the primary growing season.

← Oregon Farm Programs Guide

Farm Programs & Local Resources

Last Updated: March 2026 | Always verify with your local USDA office. Report an error

About Gilliam County

Gilliam County sits within the Columbia Plateau (MLRA 8) region. Elevation averages about 1,983 feet.

Temperatures in Gilliam County range from a January mean low of 28°F to a July mean high near 87°F. Annual precipitation averages 11.4 inches. Expect about 303 frost-free days.

Gilliam County ran 155 farms, 590,917 acres of farmland, and 7,201 head of cattle in the 2022 Census of Agriculture. Top commodities: wheat.


Quick Facts

RegionNorth Central Oregon
Top CommoditiesWheat

Current Conditions

Drought status: Severe Drought (D2).

Source: U.S. Drought Monitor · Updated 2026-04-14

Your Local USDA Offices

Your nearest USDA Service Center houses both NRCS (conservation programs like EQIP and CSP) and FSA (loans, disaster assistance, farm numbers). Here are the offices serving Gilliam County.

USDA Service Center (NRCS + FSA)

234 S Main St, Condon, OR 97823

(541) 384-4251

Office info is from USDA’s published directory. Call ahead to confirm hours before visiting.

What to do when you call: Ask to schedule a meeting with a conservation planner (for EQIP/CSP) or a loan officer (for FSA programs). Mention the type of operation you run and what improvements you're considering.


Programs for Gilliam County Operations

Based on the agricultural profile of Gilliam County, these programs are most likely to be relevant:

CSP is well-suited for dryland grain operations already using no-till or conservation tillage. CRP can work for highly erodible land. EQIP soil health practices and windbreak establishment are relevant.

Not sure which programs fit? Run our free eligibility screener. It takes 2 minutes and generates a personalized action packet you can print and bring to your USDA office.


Local Conservation Priorities

Each county's NRCS Local Working Group sets the conservation practices that score highest for EQIP funding. Knowing your county's priorities before you apply can significantly improve your ranking.

How to find your county's priorities:

  • Call your local NRCS office and ask: "What practices is the Local Working Group prioritizing this year?"
  • Ask which EQIP ranking pool your operation fits (there may be separate pools for livestock, cropland, forestry, etc.)
  • Check your state NRCS website for published ranking criteria

Bordering Counties

If your operation extends into or you compare conditions against adjacent counties, see Morrow County, Oregon, Sherman County, Oregon, Wasco County, Oregon, Wheeler County, Oregon, and Klickitat County, Washington. Ranking criteria and cost-share rates can vary county by county even within the same state.

Your Next Steps in Gilliam County

  1. Run the eligibility screener to see which programs fit your operation: Free Screener
  2. Find your local USDA Service Center and call to schedule a meeting: Service Center Locator
  3. Read the full Oregon guide for statewide program details, deadlines, and office contacts: Oregon Farm Programs Guide

Built by ranchers who've been through it. Every guide on this site is free.

Related program guides

EQIP Water DevelopmentCSPCRP

Vegetation Baseline

0.43
Typical NDVI (Apr)
0.44
Peak season (Apr)
JanJulDec
5-year average NDVI from MODIS MOD13Q1 (2021–2025 avg)

Quick Tools for Gilliam County

Check drought statusCurrent USDM conditions and historical drought data.PRF rainfall analysis78 years of grid-level rainfall data for hay and grazing insurance.Estimate EQIP costsSee what NRCS may cover and your estimated out-of-pocket share.Disaster triageLost livestock or pasture? Find your disaster programs and deadlines.See all deadlinesEvery USDA program deadline in one place.