Elko County, Nevada: USDA programs and conservation funding

437
Farms & Ranches
2.1M
Acres in Agriculture
4,764
Avg Farm Size (acres)
$77.3M
Cattle Sales
Top commodities: Cattle, Field Crops, Other, Sheep, Equine, Wool
Source: 2022 USDA Census of Agriculture

Elko County, Nevada has 437 farms working 2,081,839 agricultural acres (average 4,764 acres per farm). Cattle sales total $77.3 million annually. Leading commodities by sales: Cattle, Field Crops, Other, Sheep. Vegetation typically peaks in May, defining the primary growing season.

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Farm Programs & Local Resources

Last Updated: March 2026 | Always verify with your local USDA office. Report an error

About Elko County

Elko County lies in the Owyhee High Plateau (MLRA 25) region. Elevation averages about 5,767 feet.

Elko County averages 14.1 inches of precipitation annually (1991–2020 NOAA normals). The frost-free growing season runs about 214 days. Annual mean temperature is 45.4°F.

Elko County's agricultural base centers on cattle, sheep, and equine. The 2022 Ag Census recorded 437 farms working 2,081,839 acres. Cattle inventory stands at 124,177 head.


Quick Facts

RegionNortheastern Nevada
Top CommoditiesCattle & calves, Sheep, Horses, Goats, Floriculture, Vegetables

Current Conditions

Drought status: Extreme Drought (D3). LFP-eligible for 52+ weeks — check FSA for livestock forage assistance.

Source: U.S. Drought Monitor · Updated 2026-04-14

Your Local USDA Offices

Your nearest USDA Service Center houses both NRCS (conservation programs like EQIP and CSP) and FSA (loans, disaster assistance, farm numbers). Here are the offices serving Elko County.

USDA Service Center (NRCS + FSA)

555 W Silver St, Elko, NV 89801

(775) 738-8468

Office info is from USDA’s published directory. Call ahead to confirm hours before visiting.

What to do when you call: Ask to schedule a meeting with a conservation planner (for EQIP/CSP) or a loan officer (for FSA programs). Mention the type of operation you run and what improvements you're considering.


Programs for Elko County Operations

Based on Elko County's agricultural profile, these programs are most relevant:

Rangeland management practices improve livestock distribution and protect riparian areas in mountain watersheds. Drought mitigation programs help ranchers maintain herds during extended dry periods common in the high desert.

Not sure which programs fit? Run our free eligibility screener. Two minutes, personalized action packet.


Local Conservation Priorities

Each county's NRCS Local Working Group sets the conservation practices that score highest for EQIP funding. Knowing your county's priorities before you apply can significantly improve your ranking.

How to find your county's priorities:

  • Call your local NRCS office and ask: "What practices is the Local Working Group prioritizing this year?"
  • Ask which EQIP ranking pool your operation fits (there may be separate pools for livestock, cropland, forestry, etc.)
  • Check your state NRCS website for published ranking criteria

Counties Bordering Elko County

Elko County shares borders with Cassia County, Idaho, Owyhee County, Idaho, Twin Falls County, Idaho, Eureka County, Nevada, Humboldt County, Nevada, and Lander County, Nevada. Conservation priorities, EQIP ranking pools, and drought conditions often overlap across county lines — it's worth checking neighboring county pages if your operation spans multiple jurisdictions.

Your Next Steps in Elko County

  1. Run the eligibility screener: Free Screener
  2. Find your USDA Service Center: Service Center Locator
  3. Read the Nevada guide: Nevada Farm Programs Guide

Part of Farmer's Navigator. Built by ranchers. Every guide on this site is free.

Related program guides

EQIP FencingCRPEQIP Prescribed GrazingEQIP Water Development

Vegetation Baseline

0.21
Typical NDVI (Apr)
0.29
Peak season (May)
JanJulDec
5-year average NDVI from MODIS MOD13Q1 (2021–2025 avg)

Quick Tools for Elko County

Check drought statusCurrent USDM conditions and historical drought data.PRF rainfall analysis78 years of grid-level rainfall data for hay and grazing insurance.Estimate EQIP costsSee what NRCS may cover and your estimated out-of-pocket share.Disaster triageLost livestock or pasture? Find your disaster programs and deadlines.See all deadlinesEvery USDA program deadline in one place.