Madison County, Illinois: USDA programs and conservation funding

962
Farms & Ranches
265K
Acres in Agriculture
275
Avg Farm Size (acres)
Top commodities: Grain, Corn, Soybeans, Wheat, Milk
Source: 2022 USDA Census of Agriculture

Madison County, Illinois has 962 farms working 264,765 agricultural acres (average 275 acres per farm). Leading commodities by sales: Grain, Corn, Soybeans. Vegetation typically peaks in Aug, defining the primary growing season.

← Illinois Farm Programs Guide

Farm Programs & Local Resources

Last Updated: March 2026 | Always verify with your local USDA office. Report an error

About Madison County

Elevation across Madison County averages about 539 feet. The county falls within the Southern Illinois and Indiana Thin Loess and Till Plain (MLRA 114) land resource region.

The growing season in Madison County spans roughly 275 frost-free days. Rainfall averages 42.3 inches per year. January lows average around 22°F while July highs reach about 88°F.

The 2022 Census of Agriculture counted 962 farms in Madison County, operating across 264,765 acres of farmland. The average farm spans 275 acres. Top commodities include corn, soybeans, and wheat.


Quick Facts

RegionSouthwestern Illinois
Top CommoditiesCorn, Soybeans, Wheat, Vegetables, Dairy, Fruit & tree nuts

Current Conditions

Drought status: Abnormally Dry (D0) — monitor conditions.

Source: U.S. Drought Monitor · Updated 2026-04-14

Your Local USDA Offices

Your nearest USDA Service Center houses both NRCS (conservation programs like EQIP and CSP) and FSA (loans, disaster assistance, farm numbers). Here are the offices serving Madison County.

NRCS Office (EQIP, CSP, conservation)

2031 Mascoutah Ave, Belleville, IL 62220

(618) 235-2500

FSA Office (loans, disaster, farm numbers)

7205 Marine Rd, Edwardsville, IL 62025

(618) 656-7300

This county also has 2 additional NRCS offices. View all offices

Office info is from USDA’s published directory. Call ahead to confirm hours before visiting.

What to do when you call: Ask to schedule a meeting with a conservation planner (for EQIP/CSP) or a loan officer (for FSA programs). Mention the type of operation you run and what improvements you're considering.


Programs for Madison County Operations

Based on Madison County's agricultural profile, these programs are most relevant:

Programs emphasize flood management and soil conservation in bottomland areas. Urban interface management is important due to metropolitan area proximity.

Not sure which programs fit? Run our free eligibility screener. Two minutes, personalized action packet.


Local Conservation Priorities

Each county's NRCS Local Working Group sets the conservation practices that score highest for EQIP funding. Knowing your county's priorities before you apply can significantly improve your ranking.

How to find your county's priorities:

  • Call your local NRCS office and ask: "What practices is the Local Working Group prioritizing this year?"
  • Ask which EQIP ranking pool your operation fits (there may be separate pools for livestock, cropland, forestry, etc.)
  • Check your state NRCS website for published ranking criteria

Adjacent Counties

Counties bordering Madison County: Bond County, Illinois, Clinton County, Illinois, Jersey County, Illinois, Macoupin County, Illinois, Montgomery County, Illinois, and St. Clair County, Illinois. Each runs its own Local Working Group and may prioritize different conservation practices.

Your Next Steps in Madison County

  1. Run the eligibility screener: Free Screener
  2. Find your USDA Service Center: Service Center Locator
  3. Read the Illinois guide: Illinois Farm Programs Guide

Part of Farmer's Navigator. Built by ranchers. Every guide on this site is free.

Related program guides

CSPCRP

Vegetation Baseline

0.52
Typical NDVI (Apr)
0.88
Peak season (Aug)
JanJulDec
5-year average NDVI from MODIS MOD13Q1 (2021–2025 avg)

Quick Tools for Madison County

Check drought statusCurrent USDM conditions and historical drought data.PRF rainfall analysis78 years of grid-level rainfall data for hay and grazing insurance.Estimate EQIP costsSee what NRCS may cover and your estimated out-of-pocket share.Disaster triageLost livestock or pasture? Find your disaster programs and deadlines.See all deadlinesEvery USDA program deadline in one place.