Pennington County, South Dakota: USDA programs and conservation funding

650
Farms & Ranches
1.2M
Acres in Agriculture
1,795
Avg Farm Size (acres)
$43.3M
Cattle Sales
Top commodities: Cattle, Grain, Grain, Wheat, Corn
Source: 2022 USDA Census of Agriculture

Pennington County, South Dakota has 650 farms working 1,166,970 agricultural acres (average 1,795 acres per farm). Cattle sales total $43.3 million annually. Leading commodities by sales: Cattle, Grain, Grain. Vegetation typically peaks in May, defining the primary growing season.

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Farm Programs & Local Resources

Last Updated: March 2026 | Always verify with your local USDA office. Report an error

About Pennington County

Pennington County sits within the Pierre Shale Plains (MLRA 60A) region. Elevation averages about 3,032 feet.

Temperatures in Pennington County range from a January mean low of 12°F to a July mean high near 85°F. Annual precipitation averages 19.3 inches. Expect about 214 frost-free days.

Pennington County ran 650 farms, 1,166,970 acres of farmland, and 61,715 head of cattle in the 2022 Census of Agriculture. Top commodities: cattle, wheat, and corn.


Quick Facts

RegionBlack Hills
Top CommoditiesCattle & calves, Wheat, Corn, Bison, Honey, Horses

Current Conditions

Drought status: Extreme Drought (D3). LFP-eligible for 6+ weeks — check FSA for livestock forage assistance.

Source: U.S. Drought Monitor · Updated 2026-04-14

Your Local USDA Offices

Your nearest USDA Service Center houses both NRCS (conservation programs like EQIP and CSP) and FSA (loans, disaster assistance, farm numbers). Here are the offices serving Pennington County.

USDA Service Center (NRCS + FSA)

414 E Stumer Rd, Rapid City, SD 57701

(605) 342-0301

This county also has 1 additional NRCS office. View all offices

Office info is from USDA’s published directory. Call ahead to confirm hours before visiting.

What to do when you call: Ask to schedule a meeting with a conservation planner (for EQIP/CSP) or a loan officer (for FSA programs). Mention the type of operation you run and what improvements you're considering.


Programs for Pennington County Operations

Based on Pennington County's agricultural profile, these programs are most relevant:

Conservation programs focus on grazing management and wildlife habitat enhancement in the Black Hills transition zone. Livestock protection programs address predation concerns in forested areas.

Not sure which programs fit? Run our free eligibility screener. Two minutes, personalized action packet.


Local Conservation Priorities

Each county's NRCS Local Working Group sets the conservation practices that score highest for EQIP funding. Knowing your county's priorities before you apply can significantly improve your ranking.

How to find your county's priorities:

  • Call your local NRCS office and ask: "What practices is the Local Working Group prioritizing this year?"
  • Ask which EQIP ranking pool your operation fits (there may be separate pools for livestock, cropland, forestry, etc.)
  • Check your state NRCS website for published ranking criteria

Bordering Counties

If your operation extends into or you compare conditions against adjacent counties, see Custer County, South Dakota, Haakon County, South Dakota, Jackson County, South Dakota, Lawrence County, South Dakota, Meade County, South Dakota, and Weston County, Wyoming. Ranking criteria and cost-share rates can vary county by county even within the same state.

Your Next Steps in Pennington County

  1. Run the eligibility screener: Free Screener
  2. Find your USDA Service Center: Service Center Locator
  3. Read the South Dakota guide: South Dakota Farm Programs Guide

Part of Farmer's Navigator. Built by ranchers. Every guide on this site is free.

Related program guides

EQIP Prescribed GrazingCSP

Vegetation Baseline

0.26
Typical NDVI (Apr)
0.54
Peak season (May)
JanJulDec
5-year average NDVI from MODIS MOD13Q1 (2021–2025 avg)

Quick Tools for Pennington County

Check drought statusCurrent USDM conditions and historical drought data.PRF rainfall analysis78 years of grid-level rainfall data for hay and grazing insurance.Estimate EQIP costsSee what NRCS may cover and your estimated out-of-pocket share.Disaster triageLost livestock or pasture? Find your disaster programs and deadlines.See all deadlinesEvery USDA program deadline in one place.