Toole County, Montana: USDA programs and conservation funding

383
Farms & Ranches
1.2M
Acres in Agriculture
3,110
Avg Farm Size (acres)
$9.3M
Cattle Sales
Top commodities: Grain, Wheat, Barley, Grain, Cattle
Source: 2022 USDA Census of Agriculture

Toole County, Montana has 383 farms working 1,191,112 agricultural acres (average 3,110 acres per farm). Cattle sales total $9.3 million annually. Leading commodities by sales: Grain, Wheat, Barley. Vegetation typically peaks in Jun, defining the primary growing season.

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Farm Programs & Local Resources

Last Updated: March 2026 | Always verify with your local USDA office. Report an error

About Toole County

Elevation across Toole County averages about 3,500 feet. The county falls within the Brown Glaciated Plains (MLRA 52) land resource region.

The growing season in Toole County spans roughly 214 frost-free days. Rainfall averages 12.8 inches per year. January lows average around 9°F while July highs reach about 82°F.

The 2022 Census of Agriculture counted 383 farms in Toole County, operating across 1,191,112 acres of farmland. The average farm spans 3,110 acres. Top commodities include wheat, barley, and cattle.


Quick Facts

RegionNorth Central Montana
Top CommoditiesWheat, Barley, Cattle & calves, Hogs, Poultry, Corn

Current Conditions

Drought status: Severe Drought (D2). LFP-eligible for 29+ weeks — check FSA for livestock forage assistance.

Source: U.S. Drought Monitor · Updated 2026-04-14

Your Local USDA Offices

Your nearest USDA Service Center houses both NRCS (conservation programs like EQIP and CSP) and FSA (loans, disaster assistance, farm numbers). Here are the offices serving Toole County.

USDA Service Center (NRCS + FSA)

1125 Oilfield Ave, Shelby, MT 59474

(406) 434-5234

Office info is from USDA’s published directory. Call ahead to confirm hours before visiting.

What to do when you call: Ask to schedule a meeting with a conservation planner (for EQIP/CSP) or a loan officer (for FSA programs). Mention the type of operation you run and what improvements you're considering.


Programs for Toole County Operations

Based on Toole County's agricultural profile, these programs are most relevant:

Conservation programs focus on soil health practices and wind erosion control in this high-wind area. Crop insurance and disaster assistance programs are heavily utilized due to variable precipitation patterns.

Not sure which programs fit? Run our free eligibility screener. Two minutes, personalized action packet.


Local Conservation Priorities

Each county's NRCS Local Working Group sets the conservation practices that score highest for EQIP funding. Knowing your county's priorities before you apply can significantly improve your ranking.

How to find your county's priorities:

  • Call your local NRCS office and ask: "What practices is the Local Working Group prioritizing this year?"
  • Ask which EQIP ranking pool your operation fits (there may be separate pools for livestock, cropland, forestry, etc.)
  • Check your state NRCS website for published ranking criteria

Adjacent Counties

Counties bordering Toole County: Glacier County, Montana, Liberty County, Montana, and Pondera County, Montana. Each runs its own Local Working Group and may prioritize different conservation practices.

Your Next Steps in Toole County

  1. Run the eligibility screener: Free Screener
  2. Find your USDA Service Center: Service Center Locator
  3. Read the Montana guide: Montana Farm Programs Guide

Part of Farmer's Navigator. Built by ranchers. Every guide on this site is free.

Related program guides

CSPCRP

Vegetation Baseline

0.21
Typical NDVI (Apr)
0.50
Peak season (Jun)
JanJulDec
5-year average NDVI from MODIS MOD13Q1 (2021–2025 avg)

Quick Tools for Toole County

Check drought statusCurrent USDM conditions and historical drought data.PRF rainfall analysis78 years of grid-level rainfall data for hay and grazing insurance.Estimate EQIP costsSee what NRCS may cover and your estimated out-of-pocket share.Disaster triageLost livestock or pasture? Find your disaster programs and deadlines.See all deadlinesEvery USDA program deadline in one place.