Malheur County, Oregon: USDA programs and conservation funding

861
Farms & Ranches
1.1M
Acres in Agriculture
1,313
Avg Farm Size (acres)
$290.5M
Cattle Sales
Top commodities: Cattle, Field Crops, Other, Grain, Corn, Wheat
Source: 2022 USDA Census of Agriculture

Malheur County, Oregon has 861 farms working 1,130,142 agricultural acres (average 1,313 acres per farm). Cattle sales total $290.5 million annually. Leading commodities by sales: Cattle, Field Crops, Other, Grain. Vegetation typically peaks in May, defining the primary growing season.

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Farm Programs & Local Resources

Last Updated: March 2026 | Always verify with your local USDA office. Report an error

About Malheur County

Malheur County lies in the Central Rocky and Blue Mountain Foothills (MLRA 10) region. Elevation averages about 3,943 feet.

Malheur County averages 12.6 inches of precipitation annually (1991–2020 NOAA normals). The frost-free growing season runs about 245 days. Annual mean temperature is 48.5°F.

Malheur County's agricultural base centers on cattle, corn, and wheat. The 2022 Ag Census recorded 861 farms working 1,130,142 acres. Cattle inventory stands at 6,562 head.


Quick Facts

RegionEastern Oregon / Snake River
Top CommoditiesCattle & calves, Vegetables, Corn, Wheat, Dairy, Honey

Current Conditions

Drought status: Extreme Drought (D3). LFP-eligible for 4+ weeks — check FSA for livestock forage assistance.

Source: U.S. Drought Monitor · Updated 2026-04-14

Your Local USDA Offices

Your nearest USDA Service Center houses both NRCS (conservation programs like EQIP and CSP) and FSA (loans, disaster assistance, farm numbers). Here are the offices serving Malheur County.

USDA Service Center (NRCS + FSA)

2925 SW 6th Ave, Ontario, OR 97914

(541) 889-9689

Office info is from USDA’s published directory. Call ahead to confirm hours before visiting.

What to do when you call: Ask to schedule a meeting with a conservation planner (for EQIP/CSP) or a loan officer (for FSA programs). Mention the type of operation you run and what improvements you're considering.


Programs for Malheur County Operations

Based on the agricultural profile of Malheur County, these programs are most likely to be relevant:

Irrigation efficiency is the top priority, the Owyhee and Malheur Projects need modernization. Cover cropping and soil health on irrigated cropland are strong fits. The dual nature of the county (irrigated crops + range cattle) means two different sets of EQIP practices apply.

Not sure which programs fit? Run our free eligibility screener. It takes 2 minutes and generates a personalized action packet you can print and bring to your USDA office.


Local Conservation Priorities

Each county's NRCS Local Working Group sets the conservation practices that score highest for EQIP funding. Knowing your county's priorities before you apply can significantly improve your ranking.

How to find your county's priorities:

  • Call your local NRCS office and ask: "What practices is the Local Working Group prioritizing this year?"
  • Ask which EQIP ranking pool your operation fits (there may be separate pools for livestock, cropland, forestry, etc.)
  • Check your state NRCS website for published ranking criteria

Counties Bordering Malheur County

Malheur County shares borders with Canyon County, Idaho, Owyhee County, Idaho, Payette County, Idaho, Washington County, Idaho, Humboldt County, Nevada, and Baker County, Oregon. Conservation priorities, EQIP ranking pools, and drought conditions often overlap across county lines — it's worth checking neighboring county pages if your operation spans multiple jurisdictions.

Your Next Steps in Malheur County

  1. Run the eligibility screener to see which programs fit your operation: Free Screener
  2. Find your local USDA Service Center and call to schedule a meeting: Service Center Locator
  3. Read the full Oregon guide for statewide program details, deadlines, and office contacts: Oregon Farm Programs Guide

Built by ranchers who've been through it. Every guide on this site is free.

Related program guides

EQIP FencingCSPCRP

Vegetation Baseline

0.29
Typical NDVI (Apr)
0.36
Peak season (May)
JanJulDec
5-year average NDVI from MODIS MOD13Q1 (2021–2025 avg)

Quick Tools for Malheur County

Check drought statusCurrent USDM conditions and historical drought data.PRF rainfall analysis78 years of grid-level rainfall data for hay and grazing insurance.Estimate EQIP costsSee what NRCS may cover and your estimated out-of-pocket share.Disaster triageLost livestock or pasture? Find your disaster programs and deadlines.See all deadlinesEvery USDA program deadline in one place.