Coles County, Illinois: USDA programs and conservation funding

673
Farms & Ranches
215K
Acres in Agriculture
319
Avg Farm Size (acres)
$1.3M
Cattle Sales
Top commodities: Grain, Corn, Soybeans, Hogs, Cattle
Source: 2022 USDA Census of Agriculture

Coles County, Illinois has 673 farms working 214,931 agricultural acres (average 319 acres per farm). Cattle sales total $1.3 million annually. Leading commodities by sales: Grain, Corn, Soybeans. Vegetation typically peaks in Jul, defining the primary growing season.

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Farm Programs & Local Resources

Last Updated: March 2026 | Always verify with your local USDA office. Report an error

About Coles County

Elevation across Coles County averages about 658 feet. The county falls within the Illinois and Iowa Deep Loess and Drift (MLRA 108) land resource region.

The growing season in Coles County spans roughly 275 frost-free days. Rainfall averages 41.4 inches per year. January lows average around 20°F while July highs reach about 86°F.

The 2022 Census of Agriculture counted 673 farms in Coles County, operating across 214,931 acres of farmland. The average farm spans 319 acres. Top commodities include corn, soybeans, and hogs.


Quick Facts

RegionEast Central Illinois
Top CommoditiesCorn, Soybeans, Hogs, Cattle & calves, Dairy, Wheat

Current Conditions

Drought status: Abnormally Dry (D0) — monitor conditions.

Source: U.S. Drought Monitor · Updated 2026-04-14

Your Local USDA Offices

Your nearest USDA Service Center houses both NRCS (conservation programs like EQIP and CSP) and FSA (loans, disaster assistance, farm numbers). Here are the offices serving Coles County.

USDA Service Center (NRCS + FSA)

6021 Development Drive, Charleston, IL 61920

(217) 345-3901

This county also has 2 additional NRCS offices. View all offices

Office info is from USDA’s published directory. Call ahead to confirm hours before visiting.

What to do when you call: Ask to schedule a meeting with a conservation planner (for EQIP/CSP) or a loan officer (for FSA programs). Mention the type of operation you run and what improvements you're considering.


Programs for Coles County Operations

Based on Coles County's agricultural profile, these programs are most relevant:

Precision agriculture and soil testing programs optimize fertilizer applications on productive ground. Drainage tile systems and water management maximize yield potential on level terrain.

Not sure which programs fit? Run our free eligibility screener. Two minutes, personalized action packet.


Local Conservation Priorities

Each county's NRCS Local Working Group sets the conservation practices that score highest for EQIP funding. Knowing your county's priorities before you apply can significantly improve your ranking.

How to find your county's priorities:

  • Call your local NRCS office and ask: "What practices is the Local Working Group prioritizing this year?"
  • Ask which EQIP ranking pool your operation fits (there may be separate pools for livestock, cropland, forestry, etc.)
  • Check your state NRCS website for published ranking criteria

Adjacent Counties

Counties bordering Coles County: Clark County, Illinois, Cumberland County, Illinois, Douglas County, Illinois, Edgar County, Illinois, Moultrie County, Illinois, and Shelby County, Illinois. Each runs its own Local Working Group and may prioritize different conservation practices.

Your Next Steps in Coles County

  1. Run the eligibility screener: Free Screener
  2. Find your USDA Service Center: Service Center Locator
  3. Read the Illinois guide: Illinois Farm Programs Guide

Part of Farmer's Navigator. Built by ranchers. Every guide on this site is free.

Related program guides

EQIP Water DevelopmentCSPCRP

Vegetation Baseline

0.27
Typical NDVI (Apr)
0.91
Peak season (Jul)
JanJulDec
5-year average NDVI from MODIS MOD13Q1 (2021–2025 avg)

Quick Tools for Coles County

Check drought statusCurrent USDM conditions and historical drought data.PRF rainfall analysis78 years of grid-level rainfall data for hay and grazing insurance.Estimate EQIP costsSee what NRCS may cover and your estimated out-of-pocket share.Disaster triageLost livestock or pasture? Find your disaster programs and deadlines.See all deadlinesEvery USDA program deadline in one place.